J/AcA/XXX/XXX   Planet-star interactions with precise transit timing 
                                                             (Maciejewski+ 2018)
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Planet-star interactions with precise transit timing. I. The refined orbital 
decay rate for WASP-12 b and initial constraints for HAT-P-23 b, KELT-1 b, 
KELT-16 b, WASP-33 b, and WASP-103 b
       Maciejewski G., Fernandez M., Aceituno F., Martin-Ruiz S., Ohlert J.,  
       Dimitrov D., Szyszka K., vonEssen C., Mugrauer M., Bischoff R.,
       Michel K.-U., Mallonn M., Stangret M., Mozdzierski D.
      <Acta Astron. XXX, XXX (2018)>
      =2018AcA...XXX..XXX
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ADC_Keywords: Planets ; Photometry, CCD
Keywords: planet-star interactions -- stars: individual: HAT-P-23, KELT-1, 
          KELT-16, WASP-12, WASP-33, WASP-103 -- planets and satellites: 
          individual: HAT-P-23 b, KELT-1 b, KELT-16 b, WASP-12 b, WASP-33 b, 
          WASP-103 b

Abstract:
    Most hot Jupiters are expected to spiral in toward their host stars because
    the angular momentum of the orbital motion is transferred to the stellar 
    spin. Their orbits can also precess as a result of planet-star interactions.
    Calculations show that both effects might be detected for the very-hot 
    exoplanet WASP-12 b using the method of precise transit-timing over a time 
    span of about 10 yr. We acquired new precise light curves for 29 transits of 
    WASP-12 b, spannning four observing seasons from November 2012 to February 
    2016. New mid-transit times, together with those from the literature, were 
    used to refine the transit ephemeris and analyze the timing residuals. We 
    find that the transit times of WASP-12 b do not follow a linear ephemeris 
    with a 5-$\sigma$ confidence level. They may be approximated with a 
    quadratic ephemeris that gives a change rate in the orbital period of 
    $(-2.56 \pm 0.40) \times 10^{-2}$ syr$^{-1}$. The tidal quality parameter 
    of the host star was found to be equal to $2.5 \times 10^5$ , which is 
    similar to theoretical predictions for Sun-like stars. We also considered a
    model in which the observed timing residuals are interpreted as a result of
    the apsidal precession. We find, however, that this model is statistically 
    less probable than the orbital decay. 
Description:
    New light curves for transits of 6 exoplanets observed between 2016 and 2018 
    are given. Data were collected with 0.6-2.0 m telescopes. Details on 
    observations and data processing are given in the source paper.

File Summary:
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 FileName      Lrecl    Records    Explanations
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ReadMe            80          .   This file
h23lcs.dat        42       5720   New light curves for transits of HAT-P-23 b
k01lcs.dat        42       6231   New light curves for transits of KELT-1 b
k16lcs.dat        42       4149   New light curves for transits of KELT-16 b
w12lcs.dat        42      10250   New light curves for transits of WASP-12 b
w33lcs.dat        42      10815   New light curves for transits of WASP-33 b
w103lcs.dat       42       6399   New light curves for transits of WASP-103 b
h23tt.dat         34         38   Transit times for HAT-P-23 b
k01tt.dat         34         23   Transit times for KELT-1 b
k16tt.dat         34         22   Transit times for KELT-16 b
w12tt.dat         34         20   New transit times for WASP-12 b
w33tt.dat         34         29   Transit times for WASP-33 b
w103tt.dat        34         32   Transit times for WASP-103 b
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: h23lcs.dat
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   Bytes Format Units   Label    Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1- 11 F11.6    d     BJD_TDB  Barycentric JD (1)
  12- 20 F9.6     .     Flux     Normalized flux
  21- 29 F9.6     .     Ferr     Flux error
  30- 36 A7       .     TelCode  Telescope code
  37- 42 A6       .     Filter   Filter name
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Given as 2450000+ in Barycentric Dynamical Time
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Byte-by-byte Description of file: k01lcs.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label    Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1- 11 F11.6    d     BJD_TDB  Barycentric JD (1)
  12- 20 F9.6     .     Flux     Normalized flux
  21- 29 F9.6     .     Ferr     Flux error
  30- 36 A7       .     TelCode  Telescope code
  37- 42 A6       .     Filter   Filter name
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Given as 2450000+ in Barycentric Dynamical Time
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Byte-by-byte Description of file: k16lcs.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label    Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1- 11 F11.6    d     BJD_TDB  Barycentric JD (1)
  12- 20 F9.6     .     Flux     Normalized flux
  21- 29 F9.6     .     Ferr     Flux error
  30- 36 A7       .     TelCode  Telescope code
  37- 42 A6       .     Filter   Filter name
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Given as 2450000+ in Barycentric Dynamical Time
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Byte-by-byte Description of file: w12lcs.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label    Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1- 11 F11.6    d     BJD_TDB  Barycentric JD (1)
  12- 20 F9.6     .     Flux     Normalized flux
  21- 29 F9.6     .     Ferr     Flux error
  30- 36 A7       .     TelCode  Telescope code
  37- 42 A6       .     Filter   Filter name
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Given as 2450000+ in Barycentric Dynamical Time
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Byte-by-byte Description of file: w33lcs.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label    Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1- 11 F11.6    d     BJD_TDB  Barycentric JD (1)
  12- 20 F9.6     .     Flux     Normalized flux
  21- 29 F9.6     .     Ferr     Flux error
  30- 36 A7       .     TelCode  Telescope code
  37- 42 A6       .     Filter   Filter name
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Given as 2450000+ in Barycentric Dynamical Time
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Byte-by-byte Description of file: w103lcs.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label    Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1- 11 F11.6    d     BJD_TDB  Barycentric JD (1)
  12- 20 F9.6     .     Flux     Normalized flux
  21- 29 F9.6     .     Ferr     Flux error
  30- 36 A7       .     TelCode  Telescope code
  37- 42 A6       .     Filter   Filter name
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Given as 2450000+ in Barycentric Dynamical Time
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Byte-by-byte Description of file: h23tt.dat
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   Bytes Format Units   Label    Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1-  4 I4       .     E        Transit number from initial epoch  
   5- 16 F12.6    d     T_mid    Mid-transit time (1)
  17- 25 F9.6     d     Err+     Mid-transit time positive uncertainty
  26- 34 F9.6     d     Err-     Mid-transit time negative uncertainty
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Given as 2450000+ in Barycentric Dynamical Time
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Byte-by-byte Description of file: k01tt.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label    Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1-  4 I4       .     E        Transit number from initial epoch  
   5- 16 F12.6    d     T_mid    Mid-transit time (1)
  17- 25 F9.6     d     Err+     Mid-transit time positive uncertainty
  26- 34 F9.6     d     Err-     Mid-transit time negative uncertainty
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Given as 2450000+ in Barycentric Dynamical Time
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Byte-by-byte Description of file: k16tt.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label    Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1-  4 I4       .     E        Transit number from initial epoch  
   5- 16 F12.6    d     T_mid    Mid-transit time (1)
  17- 25 F9.6     d     Err+     Mid-transit time positive uncertainty
  26- 34 F9.6     d     Err-     Mid-transit time negative uncertainty
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Given as 2450000+ in Barycentric Dynamical Time
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Byte-by-byte Description of file: w12tt.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label    Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1-  4 I4       .     E        Transit number from initial epoch  
   5- 16 F12.6    d     T_mid    Mid-transit time (1)
  17- 25 F9.6     d     Err+     Mid-transit time positive uncertainty
  26- 34 F9.6     d     Err-     Mid-transit time negative uncertainty
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Given as 2450000+ in Barycentric Dynamical Time
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Byte-by-byte Description of file: w33tt.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label    Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1-  4 I4       .     E        Transit number from initial epoch  
   5- 16 F12.6    d     T_mid    Mid-transit time (1)
  17- 25 F9.6     d     Err+     Mid-transit time positive uncertainty
  26- 34 F9.6     d     Err-     Mid-transit time negative uncertainty
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Given as 2450000+ in Barycentric Dynamical Time
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Byte-by-byte Description of file: h103tt.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units   Label    Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1-  4 I4       .     E        Transit number from initial epoch  
   5- 16 F12.6    d     T_mid    Mid-transit time (1)
  17- 25 F9.6     d     Err+     Mid-transit time positive uncertainty
  26- 34 F9.6     d     Err-     Mid-transit time negative uncertainty
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Given as 2450000+ in Barycentric Dynamical Time
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


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(End)      Gracjan Maciejewski [N.Copernicus University, Poland]     01-Dec-2018

